Django的Form主要具有一下几大功能：

• 生成HTML标签
• 验证用户数据（显示错误信息）
• HTML Form提交保留上次提交数据
• 初始化页面显示内容

第一阶段：

1.在views中创建Form类

# 创建一个类from django import formsfrom django.forms import fields  class DiyForm(forms.Form):    # 类中创建字段  例如 IntegerField包含了正则表达式    user = fields.CharField(        max_length=18,        min_length=6,        required=True,        error_messages={            'max_length': '用户名过长',            'min_length': '用户名过短',            'required': '用户名不能为空',            'invalid': '输入类型错误'        }    )    pwd = fields.CharField(        required=True,        min_length=8,        error_messages={            'required': '密码不可为空',            'min_length': '密码至少为8位'        }    )    age = fields.IntegerField(        required=True,        error_messages={            'required': '年龄不可为空',            'invalid': '年龄必须为数字'        }    )    email = fields.EmailField(        required=True,        min_length=8,        error_messages={            'required': '邮箱不可为空',            'min_length': '邮箱长度不匹配',            'invalid': '邮箱规则不符合'        }    )

2.views中的函数调用Form

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect def f1(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        obj = DiyForm()  # 实例化  传参可进行模板渲染 生成Html代码        return render(request, 'f1.html', {
    'obj':obj})    else:        obj = DiyForm(request.POST)        # 判断是否全部验证成功 逐一交给类字段里面一一进行验证、像一层滤网        if obj.is_valid():            # 用户提交的数据   验证成功的信息            print('验证成功', obj.cleaned_data)            return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')        else:            print('验证失败', obj.errors)  # 封装的错误信息            return render(request, 'f1.html', {
    'obj': obj})

3. html页面

    
         
     
    
      
{
   { obj.user }}{
   { obj.errors.user.0 }}
    
      
{
   { obj.pwd }}{
   { obj.errors.pwd.0 }}
    
      
{
   { obj.age }}{
   { obj.errors.age.0 }}
    
      
{
   { obj.email }}{
   { obj.errors.email.0 }}
    
      
     

创建Form类时，主要涉及到 【字段】 和 【插件】，字段用于对用户请求数据的验证，插件用于自动生成HTML;

1、Django中Form类内置字段如下:

常用字段

用于保存正则表达式ChoiceField *****MultipleChoiceFieldCharFieldIntegerFieldDecimalFieldDateFieldDateTimeFieldEmailFieldGenericIPAddressFieldFileField RegexField

详细字段

Field    required=True,               是否允许为空    widget=None,                 HTML插件    label=None,                  用于生成Label标签或显示内容    initial=None,                初始值    help_text='',                帮助信息(在标签旁边显示)    error_messages=None,         错误信息 {
    'required': '不能为空', 'invalid': '格式错误'}    show_hidden_initial=False,   是否在当前插件后面再加一个隐藏的且具有默认值的插件（可用于检验两次输入是否一直）    validators=[],               自定义验证规则    localize=False,              是否支持本地化    disabled=False,              是否可以编辑    label_suffix=None            Label内容后缀    CharField(Field)    max_length=None,             最大长度    min_length=None,             最小长度    strip=True                   是否移除用户输入空白  IntegerField(Field)    max_value=None,              最大值    min_value=None,              最小值  FloatField(IntegerField)    ...  DecimalField(IntegerField)    max_value=None,              最大值    min_value=None,              最小值    max_digits=None,             总长度    decimal_places=None,         小数位长度  BaseTemporalField(Field)    input_formats=None          时间格式化    DateField(BaseTemporalField)    格式：2015-09-01TimeField(BaseTemporalField)    格式：11:12DateTimeField(BaseTemporalField)格式：2015-09-01 11:12  DurationField(Field)            时间间隔：%d %H:%M:%S.%f    ...  RegexField(CharField)    regex,                      自定制正则表达式    max_length=None,            最大长度    min_length=None,            最小长度    error_message=None,         忽略，错误信息使用 error_messages={
    'invalid': '...'}  EmailField(CharField)         ...  FileField(Field)    allow_empty_file=False     是否允许空文件  ImageField(FileField)         ...    注：需要PIL模块，pip3 install Pillow    以上两个字典使用时，需要注意两点：        - form表单中 enctype="multipart/form-data"        - view函数中 obj = MyForm(request.POST, request.FILES)  URLField(Field)    ...    BooleanField(Field)     ...  NullBooleanField(BooleanField)    ...  ChoiceField(Field)    ...    choices=(),                选项，如：choices = ((0,'上海'),(1,'北京'),)    required=True,             是否必填    widget=None,               插件，默认select插件    label=None,                Label内容    initial=None,              初始值    help_text='',              帮助提示    ModelChoiceField(ChoiceField)    ...                        django.forms.models.ModelChoiceField    queryset,                  # 查询数据库中的数据    empty_label="---------",   # 默认空显示内容    to_field_name=None,        # HTML中value的值对应的字段    limit_choices_to=None      # ModelForm中对queryset二次筛选      ModelMultipleChoiceField(ModelChoiceField)    ...                        django.forms.models.ModelMultipleChoiceField          TypedChoiceField(ChoiceField)    coerce = lambda val: val   对选中的值进行一次转换    empty_value= ''            空值的默认值  MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField)    ...  TypedMultipleChoiceField(MultipleChoiceField)    coerce = lambda val: val   对选中的每一个值进行一次转换    empty_value= ''            空值的默认值  ComboField(Field)    fields=()                  使用多个验证，如下：即验证最大长度20，又验证邮箱格式                               fields.ComboField(fields=[fields.CharField(max_length=20), fields.EmailField(),])  MultiValueField(Field)    PS: 抽象类，子类中可以实现聚合多个字典去匹配一个值，要配合MultiWidget使用  SplitDateTimeField(MultiValueField)    input_date_formats=None,   格式列表：['%Y--%m--%d', '%m%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y']    input_time_formats=None    格式列表：['%H:%M:%S', '%H:%M:%S.%f', '%H:%M']  FilePathField(ChoiceField)     文件选项，目录下文件显示在页面中    path,                      文件夹路径    match=None,                正则匹配    recursive=False,           递归下面的文件夹    allow_files=True,          允许文件    allow_folders=False,       允许文件夹    required=True,    widget=None,    label=None,    initial=None,    help_text=''  GenericIPAddressField    protocol='both',           both,ipv4,ipv6支持的IP格式    unpack_ipv4=False          解析ipv4地址，如果是::ffff:192.0.2.1时候，可解析为192.0.2.1， PS：protocol必须为both才能启用  SlugField(CharField)           数字，字母，下划线，减号（连字符）    ...  UUIDField(CharField)           uuid类型

注：UUID是根据MAC以及当前时间等创建的不重复的随机字符串

>>> import uuid    # make a UUID based on the host ID and current time    >>> uuid.uuid1()    # doctest: +SKIP    UUID('a8098c1a-f86e-11da-bd1a-00112444be1e')    # make a UUID using an MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name    >>> uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org')    UUID('6fa459ea-ee8a-3ca4-894e-db77e160355e')    # make a random UUID    >>> uuid.uuid4()    # doctest: +SKIP    UUID('16fd2706-8baf-433b-82eb-8c7fada847da')    # make a UUID using a SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name    >>> uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org')    UUID('886313e1-3b8a-5372-9b90-0c9aee199e5d')    # make a UUID from a string of hex digits (braces and hyphens ignored)    >>> x = uuid.UUID('{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}')    # convert a UUID to a string of hex digits in standard form    >>> str(x)    '00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f'    # get the raw 16 bytes of the UUID    >>> x.bytes    b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f'    # make a UUID from a 16-byte string    >>> uuid.UUID(bytes=x.bytes)    UUID('00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f')

2、Django内置插件

TextInput(Input)NumberInput(TextInput)EmailInput(TextInput)URLInput(TextInput)PasswordInput(TextInput)HiddenInput(TextInput)Textarea(Widget)DateInput(DateTimeBaseInput)DateTimeInput(DateTimeBaseInput)TimeInput(DateTimeBaseInput)CheckboxInputSelectNullBooleanSelectSelectMultipleRadioSelectCheckboxSelectMultipleFileInputClearableFileInputMultipleHiddenInputSplitDateTimeWidgetSplitHiddenDateTimeWidgetSelectDateWidget

3、常用选择插件

# 单radio，值为字符串# user = fields.CharField(#     initial=2,#     widget=widgets.RadioSelect(choices=((1,'上海'),(2,'北京'),))# )  # 单radio，值为字符串# user = fields.ChoiceField(#     choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),#     initial=2,#     widget=widgets.RadioSelect# )  # 单select，值为字符串# user = fields.CharField(#     initial=2,#     widget=widgets.Select(choices=((1,'上海'),(2,'北京'),))# )  # 单select，值为字符串# user = fields.ChoiceField(#     choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),#     initial=2,#     widget=widgets.Select# )  # 多选select，值为列表# user = fields.MultipleChoiceField(#     choices=((1,'上海'),(2,'北京'),),#     initial=[1,],#     widget=widgets.SelectMultiple# )    # 单checkbox# user = fields.CharField(#     widget=widgets.CheckboxInput()# )    # 多选checkbox,值为列表# user = fields.MultipleChoiceField(#     initial=[2, ],#     choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),#     widget=widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple# )

单选或者多选时、数据源是否可以实时更新、

在使用选择标签时，需要注意choices的选项可以从数据库中获取，但是由于是静态字段 ***获取的值无法实时更新***，那么需要自定义构造方法从而达到此目的。

方法一:

from django.forms import Formfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.core.validators import RegexValidator  class MyForm(Form):      user = fields.ChoiceField(        # choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),        initial=2,        widget=widgets.Select    )      def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):        super(MyForm,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)        # self.fields['user'].widget.choices = ((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),)        # 或        self.fields['user'].widget.choices = models.Classes.objects.all().value_list('id','caption')

方法二:

用django提供的ModelChoiceField和ModelMultipleChoiceField字段来实现

from django import formsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.forms import models as form_modelfrom django.core.exceptions import ValidationErrorfrom django.core.validators import RegexValidator  class FInfo(forms.Form):    authors = form_model.ModelMultipleChoiceField(queryset=models.NNewType.objects.all())    # authors = form_model.ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.NNewType.objects.all())

class StuForm(Form):    name=fields.CharField(required=True,error_messages={
   "required":"学生名字不能为空"},                          widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
   "placeholder": "学生姓名", "class": "form-control"})                          )    age=fields.IntegerField(required=True,error_messages={
   "required":"年龄不能为空","invalid":"年龄必须是数字"},                          widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
   "placeholder": "年龄", "class": "form-control"})                          )    sex=fields.ChoiceField(choices=(("m","男"),("f","女")),initial=1,widget=widgets.Select)    email=fields.EmailField(required=True,error_messages={
   "required":"邮箱不能为空","invalid":"邮箱格式不正确"},                            widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={
   "placeholder": "邮箱", "class": "form-control"})                            )    cls_id=fields.ChoiceField(choices=[],widget=widgets.Select)    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)        self.fields["cls_id"].choices=models.ClassList.objects.all().values_list("id","caption")

 

 

 

自定义校验

通过上述，Django的Form组件提供验证用户提交的数据并可以显示错误信息（或自定制），更能可以生成相应的Html代码。更是猜想到，仅仅根据Form组件的验证或许满足不了一些需求，于是建立再Form的验证功能上使其有很强的扩展性

一、基于Form组件的字段上的简单扩展

方式A

from django.forms import Formfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.core.validators import RegexValidator  class MyForm(Form):    phone = fields.CharField(        validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[0-9]+$', '请输入数字'), RegexValidator(r'^188[0-9]+{9}$', '数字必须以188开头')],

方式B

import refrom django.forms import Formfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.core.exceptions import ValidationError    # 自定义验证规则def mobile_validate(value):    mobile_re = re.compile(r'^(13[0-9]|15[012356789]|17[678]|18[0-9]|14[57])[0-9]{8}$')    if not mobile_re.match(value):        raise ValidationError('手机号码格式错误')    class PublishForm(Form):        title = fields.CharField(max_length=20,                            min_length=5,                            error_messages={
    'required': '标题不能为空',                                            'min_length': '标题最少为5个字符',                                            'max_length': '标题最多为20个字符'},                            widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'class': "form-control",                                                          'placeholder': '标题5-20个字符'}))        # 使用自定义验证规则    phone = fields.CharField(validators=[mobile_validate, ],                            error_messages={
    'required': '手机不能为空'},                            widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'class': "form-control",                                                          'placeholder': u'手机号码'}))      email = fields.EmailField(required=False,                            error_messages={
    'required': u'邮箱不能为空','invalid': u'邮箱格式错误'},                            widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'class': "form-control", 'placeholder': u'邮箱'}))

二、基于源码执行的流程上进行扩展

方式A

例如在注册一个账号时、通过Form的验证其账号符合规则时，还将要判断该账号是否存在于数据库，如存在则肯定是注册不通过的

自定义方法、单一字段逐个再次验证

from Formtest import modelsfrom django import formsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.core.exceptions import ValidationError,NON_FIELD_ERRORSfrom django.core.validators import RegexValidator  class AjaxForm(forms.Form):    user=fields.CharField(        max_length=10,        required=False,        validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[a-z]+$', 'Enter a valid extension.', 'invalid')],    )    email=fields.EmailField() #钩子函数  def clean_user(self):        """        Form中字段中定义的格式匹配完之后，执行此方法进行验证        :return:        """        v = self.cleaned_data['user']        if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(user=v).count():            raise ValidationError('此用户名已经存在')        return v

#钩子函数

def clean_email(self): """  email验证过之后、可以自定义验证该邮箱是否被使用 ... : return: """ pass

方式B

from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationErrorclass AjaxForm(forms.Form):    username = fields.CharField()    user_id = fields.IntegerField(        widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])    )    # 自定义方法 clean_字段名，设置一个字段整体验证    # 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']    # 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')    def clean_username(self):        v = self.cleaned_data['username']        #数据库中如果有这用户        if UsersF.objects.filter(username=v).count():            # 整体错了            # 自己详细错误信息            raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')        return v    def clean_user_id(self):        return self.cleaned_data['user_id']    #设置整体错误，可以用来设置多个字段整体验证    def clean(self):        value_dict=self.cleaned_data        v1 = value_dict.get('username')        v2 = value_dict.get('user_id')        if v1=='root' and v2==0:            raise ValidationError('整体错误信息')        return self.cleaned_datadef ajax(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        obj = AjaxForm()        return render(request,'ajax.html',{
    'obj':obj})    else:        ret = {
    'status':'tom','message':None}        import json        obj = AjaxForm(request.POST)        if obj.is_valid():            # 跳转到百度            # return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')            # if ....            #     obj.errors['username'] = ['用户名已经存在',]            # if ....            #     obj.errors['email'] = ['用户名已经存在',]            ret['status'] = '钱'            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))        else:            # print(type(obj.errors))            # print(obj.errors)            from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict            # print(obj.errors.as_ul())            # print(obj.errors.as_json())            # print(obj.errors.as_data())            ret['message'] = obj.errors            # 错误信息显示在页面上            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))

钩子函数        - clean_字段名        注意：            必须有返回值            只能拿自己当前字段值            raise ValidationError('xxx')

select

from django.shortcuts import renderfrom django import formsfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.forms import widgetsclass TestForm(forms.Form):    user = fields.CharField(        required=True, # 是否必填        max_length=12, # 最大长度        min_length=3,  # 最小长度        error_messages={}, # 错误提示        #widget = widgets.Select(), # 定制HTML插件        label='用户名',        initial='请输入用户',        help_text='asdfasdf',        show_hidden_initial=False,        # validators=[]        disabled=True,        label_suffix='->'    )    age = fields.IntegerField(        label='年龄',        max_value= 12,        min_value=5,        error_messages={            'max_value':'太大了'        }    )    email = fields.EmailField(        label='邮箱'    )    img = fields.FileField()    city = fields.TypedChoiceField(        coerce=lambda x: int(x),        choices=[(1,'上海',),(2,'北京'),(3,'沙河'),],        initial=2    )    xoo = fields.FilePathField(        path='app01'    )    #多选checkbox    c = fields.MultipleChoiceField(        choices=[(1, '刚娘'), (2, '铁娘'), (3, '钢弹')],        initial=[1,3],        widget=widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple    )    #多选select    bobby = fields.MultipleChoiceField(        choices=[(1, '刚娘'), (2, '铁娘'), (3, '钢弹')],        initial=[1, 2],        widget=widgets.SelectMultiple    )    #单选select    t = fields.CharField(        widget = widgets.Select(choices=[(1,'上海',),(2,'北京'),(3,'沙河'),]),        initial=2    )    #**********重要＊＊＊＊＊    u = fields.CharField(        widget= widgets.Select()    )    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):        #实时更新，拷贝所有的静态字段，复制给self.fields        super(TestForm,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)        self.fields['u'].widget.choices=UsersF.objects.values_list('id','username')def test(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        obj = TestForm()        return render(request,'test.html',{
    'obj':obj})    elif request.method=='POST':        obj = TestForm(request.POST,request.FILES)        if obj.is_valid():            print('成功',obj.cleaned_data)            return render(request, 'test.html', {
    'obj': obj})        else:            pass

示例

from django.db import modelsclass ClassList(models.Model):    """    班级表    """    caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)    headmaster = models.ForeignKey(to="UserInfo")class Student(models.Model):    """    学生表    """    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)    age = models.IntegerField()    cls = models.ForeignKey(to="ClassList",related_name="uuu")class UserType(models.Model):    """    用户类型表,个数经常变动    """    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)class UserInfo(models.Model):    """    用户表：讲师和班主任    """    username = models.CharField(max_length=32)    password = models.CharField(max_length=64)    email = models.CharField(max_length=32)    ut = models.ForeignKey(to="UserType")    teacher_to_cls = models.ManyToManyField(to='ClassList',related_name='a')    def __str__(self):        return self.username# #################################################

rom app01 import viewsurlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'^index/', views.index),    url(r'^login/', views.login),    url(r'^teachers/', views.teachers),    url(r'^add_teacher/', views.add_teacher),    url(r'^edit_teacher/(\d+)/', views.edit_teacher),    url(r'^class_list/', views.class_list),    url(r'^class_add/', views.class_add),    url(r'^class_edit/(\d+)/', views.class_edit),    url(r'^teacher_list/', views.teacher_list),    url(r'^teacher_add/', views.teacher_add),    url(r'^teacher_edit/(\d+)/', views.teacher_edit),    url(r'^test/', views.test),]

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponsefrom django.conf import settingsfrom django.forms import Formfrom django.forms import fieldsfrom django.forms import widgetsfrom django.core.validators import RegexValidatorfrom django.core.exceptions import ValidationErrorfrom app01 import models## def index(request):##     all_teacher_list=models.Teacher.objects.all()##     return render(request,"index.html",locals())## # def index(request):# #     is_login=request.COOKIES.get("is_login",None)# #     if is_login:# #         username=request.COOKIES.get("username")# #         return render(request, "index.html",locals())# #     else:# #         return redirect("/login/")##### def delTeacher(request,tid):##     models.Teacher.objects.filter(tid=tid).delete()##     return redirect("/index/")#class LoginForm(Form):    username = fields.CharField(        required=True,        min_length=3,        max_length=18,        error_messages={            'required': '用户不能为空',            'min_length': '用户长度不能小于3',            'max_length': '用户长度不能大于18',        }    )    password = fields.CharField(        required=True,        min_length=3,        max_length=18,        error_messages={            'required': '密码不能为空',            'min_length': '密码长度不能小于3',            'max_length': '密码长度不能大于18',            'invalid': '密码格式错误',        },        validators=[RegexValidator('\d+','只能是数字') ]    )    def clean_username(self):        # ...        user = self.cleaned_data['username']        is_exsit = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user).count()        if not is_exsit:            raise ValidationError('用户名不存在')        return user    def clean_password(self):        user = self.cleaned_data['username']        return userdef login(request):    if request.method == "GET":        form = LoginForm()        return render(request,'login.html',{
    'form':form})    elif request.method =="POST":        form = LoginForm(data=request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            # 验证成功            user = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(**form.cleaned_data).first()            if not user:                # 用户名或密码错误                # form.add_error('password','用户名或密码错误')                form.add_error('password',ValidationError('用户名或密码错误'))                return render(request, 'login.html', {
    'form': form})            else:                request.session[settings.SJF] = {
    'id':user.id, 'username':user.username}                return redirect('/index/')        else:            # 验证失败            return render(request, 'login.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        return HttpResponse('滚')def auth(func):    def inner(request,*args,**kwargs):        user_info = request.session.get(settings.SJF)        if not user_info:            return redirect('/login/')        return func(request,*args,**kwargs)    return innerdef index(request):    username = request.session[settings.SJF]['username']    return render(request,'index.html',{
    'username':username})def teachers(request):    # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(ut__title='讲师')    teacher_list = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(ut_id=1)    return render(request,'teachers.html',{
    'teacher_list':teacher_list})class TeacherForm(Form):    username = fields.CharField(        required=True,        error_messages={
    'required':'用户名不能为空'},        widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'placeholder':'用户名','class':'form-control'})    ) # 不能为空    password = fields.CharField(required=True,error_messages={
    'required':'密码不能为空'}, widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'placeholder':'密码','class':'form-control'})) # 不能为空    email = fields.EmailField(required=True,error_messages={
    'required':'邮箱不能为空','invalid':'邮箱格式错误'},widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={
    'placeholder':'邮箱','class':'form-control'}))   # 不能为空，且邮箱格式def add_teacher(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        form = TeacherForm()        return render(request,'add_teacher.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        """        1. 用户请求数据验证        2. 自动生成错误信息        3. 打包用户提交正确信息        4. 错误：保留上次输入内容        5. 定制页面上显示的HTML标签        Django Form组件        1. 创建规则（类，字段）            class Foo:                username = xxx                password = xxx                email = xxx        2. 数据和规则进行匹配        """        form = TeacherForm(data=request.POST) # 数据和规则放置一起        if form.is_valid():                       # 开始校验,并获取校验结果            # print('执行成功',form.cleaned_data)          # 所有匹配成功，字典            # {'username': 'asd', 'password': 'sdf', 'email': 'sadf@live.com','ut_id':1}            form.cleaned_data['ut_id'] = 1            models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)            return redirect('/teachers/')        return render(request, 'add_teacher.html',{
    'form':form})def edit_teacher(request,nid):    obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid,ut_id=1).first()    if not obj:        return redirect('/teachers/')    if request.method == "GET":        # 显示input，并且将数据库中的默认值填写到input框中        form = TeacherForm(initial={
    'username':obj.username,'password':obj.password,'email':obj.email})        return render(request,'edit_teacher.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        form = TeacherForm(data=request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            # 校验成功            models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**form.cleaned_data)            return redirect('/teachers/')        return render(request,'edit_teacher.html',{
    'form':form})class TestForm(Form):    caption = fields.CharField()    # xxx = fields.ChoiceField(choices=[(1,'讲师'),(2,'班主任')])    # xxx = fields.ChoiceField(choices=models.UserInfo.objects.values_list('id','username'))    # xxx = fields.ChoiceField(choices=models.UserType.objects.values_list('id','title'))    xxx = fields.MultipleChoiceField(choices=models.UserInfo.objects.values_list('id','username'))def test(request):    print('view.test')    return HttpResponse('...')def class_list(request):    cls_list = models.ClassList.objects.all()    return render(request,'class_list.html',{
    'cls_list':cls_list})class ClassForm(Form):    caption = fields.CharField(error_messages={
    'required':'班级名称不能为空'})    headmaster_id = fields.ChoiceField(choices=[])    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)        self.fields['headmaster_id'].choices = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(ut_id=2).values_list('id','username')def class_add(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        form = ClassForm()        return render(request,'class_add.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        form = ClassForm(data=request.POST)        if not form.is_valid():            return render(request, 'class_add.html', {
    'form': form})        models.ClassList.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)        return redirect('/class_list/')def class_edit(request,nid):    obj = models.ClassList.objects.filter(id=nid).first()    if not obj:        return redirect('/class_list/')    if request.method == "GET":        form = ClassForm(initial={
    'caption': obj.caption,'headmaster_id':obj.headmaster_id})        return render(request, 'class_edit.html', {
    'form': form})    else:        form = ClassForm(data=request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            models.ClassList.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**form.cleaned_data)            return redirect('/class_list/')        return render(request, 'class_edit.html', {
    'form': form})class TeacherNewForm(Form):    username = fields.CharField(        required=True,        error_messages={
    'required': '用户名不能为空'},        widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'placeholder': '用户名', 'class': 'form-control'})    )  # 不能为空    password = fields.CharField(required=True, error_messages={
    'required': '密码不能为空'},                                widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
    'placeholder': '密码', 'class': 'form-control'}))  # 不能为空    email = fields.EmailField(required=True, error_messages={
    'required': '邮箱不能为空', 'invalid': '邮箱格式错误'},                              widget=widgets.EmailInput(                                  attrs={
    'placeholder': '邮箱', 'class': 'form-control'}))  # 不能为空，且邮箱格式    cls_list = fields.MultipleChoiceField(choices=[])    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)        self.fields['cls_list'].choices = models.ClassList.objects.values_list('id','caption')def teacher_list(request):    teachers = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(ut_id=1).all()    return render(request,'teacher_list.html',{
    'teachers':teachers})def teacher_add(request):    if request.method == "GET":        form = TeacherNewForm()        return render(request,'teacher_add.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        form = TeacherNewForm(request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            """            1. 创建老师表数据                username                password                email                ut_id=1            2. 创建老师班级关系表数据                新创建的老师 5                cls_list: [1,2,3]             """            cls_list = form.cleaned_data.pop('cls_list')            form.cleaned_data['ut_id']= 1            # 获取新创建的老师对象            user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.create(**form.cleaned_data)            # 创建老师和班级关系表数据            user_obj.teacher_to_cls.add(*cls_list) # 第三张表中添加数据            return redirect('/teacher_list/')def teacher_edit(request,nid):    obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(ut_id=1,id=nid).first()    if not obj:        return redirect('/teacher_list/')    """    获取当前用户信息：        obj.username        obj.password        obj.email        obj.teacher_to_cls.all()  [班级对象，班级对象,]    """    if request.method == "GET":        form = TeacherNewForm(initial={
    'username':obj.username,'password':obj.password,'email':obj.email,'cls_list':[row.id for row in obj.teacher_to_cls.all()]})        return render(request,'teacher_edit.html',{
    'form':form})    else:        form = TeacherNewForm(request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            cls_list = form.cleaned_data.pop('cls_list')            models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**form.cleaned_data)            obj.teacher_to_cls.set(cls_list) # 更新第三张表            return redirect('/teacher_list/')        return render(request, 'teacher_edit.html', {
    'form': form})

详见github schoolmanaage